Announcing Situation’s Role in Solving Primitive Conflicts of Some Traditions of Nahj al-Balagha (Arabic: نَهْج ٱلْبَلَاغَة Nahj al-Balāghah, 'The Path of Eloquence')

Nahj al-Balagha (Arabic: نَهْج ٱلْبَلَاغَة Nahj al-Balāghah, 'The Path of Eloquence') is the most valuable cultural heritage of Islam after the Holy Quran. The difference in the words of Imam Ali (A.S.) and the existence of an apparent conflict in some cases have always faced different views. Some Shīʿa and Sunnī scholars have denied or have doubted the authenticity of attributing some of his words to him. It is impossible to assume the occurrence of contradiction and conflict among Imam Ali’s words by considering Imam Ali's infallibility from sin. Therefore, we should try to justify such aḥādīth (Arabic: أحادیث, singular: ḥadīth) by acceptable and conventional methods and reveal their actual non-conflict. This article tries to use descriptive-analytical method, through examining the geography of speech and the situation of announcement, while emphasizing on the authenticity of aḥādīth to clarify the fact that the difference between the narrations of the Noble Book is an apparent difference that can be resolved by recognizing the situation of announcement of them. The study of some of the words of Nahj al-Balagha such as: The praise and disapproval (Arabic: مَدح و ذَم, Romanized: Madḥ wa Dhamm) of the world, the praise and disapproval of the people of Kufa (Arabic: الْکُوفَة al-Kūfah), the praise and disapproval of the Second Caliph, the legitimacy and illegitimacy of the Third Caliph, the infallibility of the Imam and the confession of mistake indicates that the apparent conflict of these two types of expression is due to neglecting for the geography of the word and inaccuracy in social conditions and the requirements of the time of pronouncing the sermons and letters.